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Probate · do you need it?

Do you actually need probate?

There is no single threshold. Whether probate is needed depends on what the person owned, and how they owned it — and each bank and provider applies its own rules.

Answer a few questions about the estate and we'll tell you honestly whether probate is likely needed.

Free. England & Wales.

Check if probate is needed — free
No account requiredNothing to payAn honest answer, either way
The direct answer

You usually need probate when the person who died owned property in their sole name, or held money above a bank's own limit. You usually don't when everything was owned jointly with someone who survives them, or when sole balances are small.

There is no universal threshold — each institution sets its own, which is why the honest answer starts with what the estate actually contains.

No universal threshold
§1

Why there's no simple answer

Probate is not triggered by a fixed amount — it's triggered by the rules of whoever is holding the assets. A bank can release one balance without a grant and insist on one for another; a share registrar and an insurer will each have their own line.

The law doesn't publish a single figure, because the decision belongs to each institution.

One word, two documents. If there's a valid will, the court issues a grant of probate to the executors.

If there isn't, it issues letters of administration to the next of kin under a fixed legal order. Both are versions of the same thing — a grant of representation — and institutions mean either one when they say "probate."

The practical consequence: nobody can tell you "yes" or "no" from the estate's total value alone. Anyone who does is guessing.

What settles it is a short list of questions — what was owned, in whose name, and roughly what each part is worth. That's exactly what the free check below asks.

Usually no grant
§2

When probate is usually NOT needed

Most of the situations where probate isn't needed share one feature: the asset already knows where it's going.

Jointly owned assets

A house owned as joint tenants, or a joint bank account, passes automatically to the surviving owner by survivorship — outside the will, outside probate. Property owned as tenants in common is different — that share is part of the estate. See our guide to tenants in common and death.

Small sole balances

Below a limit each bank or provider sets for itself, many will release funds against a death certificate and a signed declaration, without a grant.

Assets held in trust

Anything already inside a trust passes under the trust's own terms.

Pensions and life policies with a valid nomination

Most are paid at the provider's discretion directly to the nominated person — they usually never enter the estate at all. This is also why who gets your pension when you die matters before a death, not just after.

Usually a grant
§3

When probate usually IS needed

Three situations account for most straightforward grants.

Property in the person's sole name

Or their share as a tenant in common. No buyer, and no Land Registry transfer, will proceed without a grant.

Sole accounts above the institution's limit

Once a balance passes a bank's own line, the bank will freeze the account until it sees a grant.

Sole shareholdings and investments

Registrars and platforms almost always require a grant to sell or transfer.

There's a fourth, quieter trigger: an institution simply insists. Some providers require a grant regardless of value.

Their rules, their call — which brings this back to §1: the answer lives in the specific estate, not in a table.

Three steps, free
§4

The check

Three steps, a few minutes, an honest answer.

1
Tell us what the estate contains

property, accounts, investments, and how each is owned. Rough figures are fine.

2
We apply the rules

survivorship, small-balance practice, and what institutions typically require at each level.

3
You get a straight answer

probate likely needed, likely not needed, or genuinely borderline, and in each case what to do next.

If the answer is "not needed," we say so, plainly, and you've lost nothing. The point of the check is the answer — not the sale.

Start properly
§5

If you do need it

Probate is a process, and the first hours decide how heavy it becomes.

If the check says a grant is likely, the Executor's First Hour£179, one-off — turns the first overwhelming week into a sequence: what to secure, who to notify, what to gather for the application, in what order, for this estate.

No subscription, no ongoing commitment.

Executor's First Hour
One-off · no subscription
£179
One-off
If probate is needed, start properly
No subscriptionBuilt for this estateOne-off · £179
If this estate needs more than a guide

Where the boundary is reached, Valoren refers.

The free check above gives you the answer either way — that stays the point. But when the answer is yes and the estate behind it is heavy, there are two routes to having it done, and we are straightforward about which one is ours.

Prefer an independent adviser?
Signum is Valoren's own desk — instructing it means instructing us, disclosed plainly. None of the three directories pays Valoren a referral fee; they are listed so the independent route is always one click away.
FAQ

Probate, honestly answered.

No — there is no fixed statutory threshold. Each bank and provider sets its own limit for releasing money without a grant, and property in the person's sole name needs a grant regardless of value. That's why the honest answer starts with what the estate contains, not its total.
Usually not. A joint account passes automatically to the surviving holder by survivorship — the bank typically needs a death certificate, not a grant. The account's balance may still count towards the estate for inheritance-tax purposes, which is a separate question from probate itself.
GOV.UK's published benchmark is within 12 weeks of submitting the application — and in practice recent HMCTS data shows most grants arriving faster: about 5 weeks on average, nearer 2 weeks for clean digital applications, around 14 weeks where the case is 'stopped'.

Administering the whole estate — collecting assets, paying debts, distributing — usually runs 9–18 months.
The court application fee is £526, with no fee for estates of £5,000 or less. Extra sealed copies are £2 each ordered with the application (£16 later) — order one per institution. Beyond the fees, costs depend on whether you do it yourself or pay a professional.
That's normal — most executors start there. The check works with what you know now, and the gaps themselves are useful: they become the list of institutions to write to first.
Yes — and you should. Registering the death, securing property, and notifying institutions all come first regardless. The grant question resolves itself as the estate's contents become clear.

No — this page is England & Wales only. Scotland's equivalent process is called confirmation and runs under different rules — see Family Handover Kit — Scotland →.

You don't have to guess.

Check if probate is needed — free
RelatedNext steps

Informational, not advice. England & Wales only.

● Figures checked ·
Statutory figures on this page checked against GOV.UK on · every figure, with its source →
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